65 Occupational Exposure and High-Risk Populations

Occupational workers who interact with animals or animal products are at a higher risk of developing zoonotic diseases (Cleveland Clinic 2023). Farmers, veterinarians, wildlife managers, zookeepers, meat processing plant workers, and laboratory technicians are some of the workers who are often in contact with animals or animal products. These people are required to adhere to strict biosecurity protocols, use PPE, and participate in frequent zoonotic disease prevention training (Zoonotic Diseases and Emerging Health Threats 2023). Migrant and seasonal agricultural workers may also have additional challenges because of their working conditions, limited healthcare access, or low awareness of safety measures (Rothstein et al. 2021). Vulnerable labor groups need to be protected in order to prevent zoonotic outbreaks. Workplaces should therefore focus on the health of employees, including prevention through education, immunization, and medical care especially in areas of animal or environmental contact (Medema et al. 2020). Veterinary clinics and animal shelters can also serve as exposure hotspots. These environment’s personnel require frequent updates on disease prevention measures. Monitoring systems in these facilities are essential for detecting and responding to potential zoonotic diseases early (Oliver et al. 2020). (E.B.)